vocabulary 15 Lift, carry and drope

Mass wasting   the downhill movement of earth material causad by gravity .

Deposition   droping off of  sediment .

Glacier   a huge sheet of ice and snow that moves slowly over the land .

Till   a jumble of many sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier .

Moraine   a deposite of many sizes  of sediment infront or along the sides of a glacier .

vocabulary 14 Building up breaking down

Fold mountain   a mountain made mostly of rocks layers folded by being squeezed together .

Fault block mountain   a moutain made by huge tilled blocks of rocks separated from surrounding rock by fault .

Weathering   the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces  by natural process .

Erosion   the picking up and removal of rock particles .

Soil   a mixture of weathe rock decayed plant and animal matter livig thing air and water .

Soil horizon     any of the layers of soil from the surface to the bedrok below .

Ground water    water that soaks into soil and rock by collecting in space between rock

particles .

                           

                                            

Humus   material i soil by the breakdown of plant and animal matarial .

vocabulary 13 Volcanoes

Hot spot   avery hot part of the mantel where magma can melt thought a plate moving above it .

Vent  central openig in a volcanic are throught wich magna may escape .

Lava  magma that  reach the earth and flow out the vent .

Crater  a cuplike hollow that forms at the top of a volcano around the vent .

Cinder cone volcano   a steep side cone that forms from explosive eruptions of hot rocks ranging from partilcles to boulders .

Shield volcano  a wide gently stoped cone that forms from flow of lava .

Compositive volcano   a cone formed from explosive eruptions of hot rocks flowed by a flow of lava over and over .

Geothermical energy   heat from below earth surface

vocabulary 12 earthquakes

Fault a huge in the crust at or below the surface of wich mayshow evidence of motion .

Focus the point where an earthquaker start when the roks begin to slide each other .

Seismic wave  a vibration that spread out away from a focus whe an earthquaker happen .

Epicenter  the point on eath surface directly above the focus .

Afthershock   the shakin on the crust after the initial shaking of an earthquaker .

seismoghraph   sensitive devise that detect the shaking of an earthquaker .

Magnitude   the amout of energy realise by an earthquker .

vocabulary 11 moving plates

Crust  earth solid rocky surface that have the continents and ocean floor .

Original horizontaly   the idea of many kind of rock form in a flat horizontal layer .

Continental drift   the idea of a supercontinent split apart into pices , the continents that is today .

Sea floor spreading  the idea that new crust is forming  at rides in the sea floor spreading apart the crust on either side of the rides .

Magma hot molde rock that is below the earth surface .

plate tectonics  the idea that the earth surface broken into plates that move .

Mantel earth leayer beanth the crust .

Subduction   where plates collide the sliding of a denser ocean plate onder other plate .

vocabulary 10 galaxies and beyond

Galaxy  a large group of stars held together by gravity .

Milky wave  our home galaxy .

Spectrum   band of colors made when  light is broken out .

Expansion redshift   the shift of a spectrum of galaxy toward longer waveleght due to the expansion of space .

Big bang   the beginnig of the universe when the density of the universe was very hight .

Backgroud radiation   electromagnetic radiation left over from the big bang .

Quasar  an extremely bright extremely distance hight energy source . 



vacabulary 9 Stars

Star  a large , hot ball of gases , wich is held together by gravity and gives  off its own light .

Parallax   the apparent shift in a object location when viwed from two positions .

Light year  the distance that light travel in one year .

Constellation  a number of stars that appears to from a patern . 

Magnitude  the brighness of a star .

Nebula  cloud of gas and dust in the space .

Supernova  star that explodes .

Black hole an object whose gravity is so strong that light can´t  escape it .